Determination and Correlation Analysis on the Egg Quality of Egg-laying Ducks Reared in Cages and on Floor

The purpose of this test was to evaluate the egg quality from two breeds of ducks reared in cages and on floor.30 eggs were chosen from each type of eggs,which were from Jinding (green shell) and Shan Partridge ducks (white shell)at 40 weeks-old reared in cages and on floor for egg quality evaluation.The results showed that the egg weight of caged duck was extremely significantly larger than the floor duck (P<0.01) in the same breed,there were very significant positive correlations between the egg weight and eggshell weight,egg-white weight and egg yolk weight (P<0.01),but no significant difference among the egg yolk weights of different types of ducks (P>0.05).The shell strength of green egg was obviously higher than that of white shell eggs (P<0.05),and the shell strength of green egg from caged ducks was higher than that of the green egg ducks on floor.The correlation coefficients of the egg specific gravity and eggshell thickness,the specific gravity and eggshell strength were 0.503 (P<0.01) and 0.536 (P<0.01) respectively.Haugh units of four types of ducks all reached 72 or more.Although there was significant positive correlation between egg-white weight and egg yolk weight (P<0.01),significant negative correlation was existed between egg-white weight and egg yolk ratio (P<0.01).There were significant negative correlations between egg specific gravity and egg yolk weight (P<0.05) and egg yolk ratio (P<0.05).In conclusion,the mode of cage feeding and the breed with green shell were appropriate choices in laying-egg duck production for high egg quality.     

江西省新型农业社会化服务体系的特点与运行模式

实地调研江西省新型农业社会化服务体系建设现状，对江西省目前的新型农业社会化服务体系的特点与运行模式进行分析，针对当地在服务体系构建过程中出现的问题，提出新时期的发展建议。     

6种高丛蓝莓叶片形态解剖特征的比较研究

以辽南地区引种的6个高丛蓝莓品种为试验材料，通过叶片扫描、“指甲油印迹法”和石蜡切片法对比研究了各品种叶片形态解剖特征。结果表明：北高品种叶片的分形维数高于南高，大粒蓝金最大，库帕最小，但北高品种叶厚小于南高；南高品种气孔大于北高，而气孔密度小于北高品种，品种间气孔形状无明显差异；气孔分布随观察视野的变大皆呈均匀分布到随机分布，北高品种先于南高变为随机分布；南高品种表皮细胞、栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度大于北高，角质层和中脉厚度南北差异较小，但北高品种的中脉与叶片厚度之比高于南高品种；叶片组织紧密度、疏松度和栅海比南北两大种植品系之间无规律性变异，品种之间却存在显著差异。     

宣威市石漠化治理模式探讨

分析宣威市土地石漠化的成因主要为地质、气候等自然因素以及陆地开垦、过度樵采等人为原因.根据石漠化土地具有的区域性特征,提出了分区治理的基本思路及针对不同治理区的具体治理措施,对封山育林(草)、混农林业、生态型薪炭林营造等石漠化土地治理模式进行了阐述,并列举了成功的案例.     

善治视阈下和谐农村权力格局的蕴涵

构建和谐农村权力格局是有效农村治理的关键环节。作为一种理论架构,善治理论打破了＂国家-社会＂两分法的传统思维,追求工具理性与价值理性的有机耦合。以＂善治＂为分析框架和目标追求,从价值性、目的性、战略性三个维度厘清社会主义新农村建设中和谐农村权力格局的内涵,可以为实现国家与农村社会之间的良性互动提供理念支撑和价值取向。     

农业科研院所科技开发模式及对策分析——以中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所为例

简述中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所科技开发的模式与成绩，分析存在的困难和问题，提出加强科技开发的思路和对策。     

多年生人工草地矮生嵩草(Kobresia humilis)种群空间格局与种内关联性

植物种群空间分布格局不仅反映植物的空间分布特点,还有助于研究者了解植物利用资源的现状和生存能力。本研究以矮生嵩草(Kobresia humilis)为研究对象,按株丛斑块面积将矮生嵩草分为小斑块级株丛(0～30 cm²)、中斑块级株丛(30～80 cm²)和大斑块级株丛(>80 cm²)3个株丛级,采用点格局分析的g函数统计方法,分析了矮生嵩草各级株丛的空间格局及关联性。结果表明：矮生嵩草种群中小斑块级株丛占比高于中斑块、大斑块级株丛占比,种群中幼苗充足,正处于稳定的增长阶段;矮生嵩草小斑块、中斑块、大斑块级株丛在小尺度范围内表现为聚集分布,随着尺度的增大,所有株丛斑块的聚集程度减弱,逐渐趋向于随机分布;小斑块与中斑块、大斑块的矮生嵩草株丛在小尺度内表现为正关联。斑块聚集分布和相互共存是矮生嵩草的一种生存策略。     

牛结节性皮肤病的生物安全防控

牛结节性皮肤病（LSD）是《中华人民共和国进境动物检疫疫病名录》中的一类传染病,在新疆出现之后迅速在全国范围扩散,对我国的奶牛和肉牛养殖业造成严重经济损失。LSD主要通过在边境地区的动物贸易或虫媒活动传入未发生疫情的国家,疫苗接种被认为是防控 LSD疫情最有效的方法之一。各国根据本土疫情的传播情况,制定了不同的疫苗接种计划,目前用来预防LSD的疫苗主要为针对不同病原的减毒活疫苗。但是,在防控LSD的同时也造成了生物安全风险,导致重组疫苗样毒株引发的疫情从中亚向东亚迅速蔓延。只有将切断传播途径、保护易感动物和管控生物安全相结合,才能有效预防LSD疫情爆发,促进养殖业的繁荣发展。     

The Deterioration of Eating and Cooking Quality Caused by High Temperature During Grain Filling in Early-Season indica Rice Cultivars

The effect of temperature during grain filling on eating and cooking quality of early-season indica rice was investigated by using four cultivars with different amylose content. Starting from flowering stage until maturity, the plants of all cultivars were subjected to two temperature treatments, referred as optimum (mean daily air temperature, 22 °C) and high (32 °C) temperature regimes. The results showed that the effect of high temperature on apparent amylose content and gel consistency in milled rice was cultivar-dependent. Under high temperature, amylose content increased for cv. Jiayu353 and remained little changed for cv. Guangluai4, which had intrinsically higher amylose content, and decreased for cv. Zhefu49 and cv. Jiazao935, which had lower amylose content. By contrast, high temperature reduced or kept stable gel consistency values for cultivars with higher amylose content and increased gel consistency values for those with lower amylose content. Moreover, high temperature significantly increased the gelatinization temperature of all cultivars. Pasting profiles and X-ray diffraction pattern of rice were also affected by temperature. The results suggest that high temperature during grain filling change the component and crystalline structure of starch and result in deterioration of eating and cooking quality for early-season indica rice.     

Geographical patterns of phenotypic diversity in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis> landraces of Côte d’Ivoire

The knowledge of agro-morphological diversity and the distribution pattern of variation among conserved accessions could be an invaluable aid in germplasm management and crop improvement strategies. In this study, the geographical pattern of morphological variation of 880 landrace rice (Oryza sativa (L.)) accessions in Côte d’Ivoire was evaluated for 13 agro-morphological characters. Shannon –weaver diversity index indicated an overall mean of 0.47 ± 0.07 in the collection, with the greatest diversity from derived Savanna and north-west (H′ = 0.52 and 0.50) while the west-central had the lowest diversity (H′ = 0.41). Canonical discriminant analysis showed that traits such as panicle length, grain size (weight and length), tillering ability, number of days to heading and maturity were the main discriminatory characteristics. Result of the phenotypic frequency shows that, the landraces from the north and north-western zones were mostly tall, early heading and maturity, compared to those from the west and west-central which were mainly dwarf to medium height, late heading and maturing. This differential distribution of landraces with height, heading and maturity period reflected the distribution pattern of different Oryza sativa landraces in Côte d’Ivoire, which could be useful in germplasm management and breeding programs.